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Baotou is the largest industrial city in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and it lies in the "Golden Triangle"; of Hetao Plain It's an important industrial base for metallurgy, machinery, chemicals and energy in China.It is also abundant in rare earth. The total area of Baotou covers 27, 768 square kilometers.
Baotou is a city with 37 nationalities. The people of Mongolia, Han, Man, Hui, Dawuer and Ewenke can all be found here. It has a population of 1.96 million.
Baotou is temperate monsoon climate with cool and favorable summers; long and cold winters; average sunshine of 2700 to 3400 hours annually and frost-free period of 60-160 days. Its annual average is 6.4 C; the lowest in January is - 10 C to - 30 C; the highest in July is 16 C to 45 C; the daily temperature difference is 10 C to 16 C; great difference between south and north and its rainfall is less of rain, uneven; average annual of 50-450 mm.
Baotou is rich in mineral resources as it lies in the YinShan-TianShan Mountain zone.There are 450mines of various primary resources including metals,non-metals and energy .Baotou and its surrounding area are abundant in coal and the coal,reserves make up 25 percent of the nation's total.The Baiyunebo Mine has iron deposits of more than 1.7 billion tons,It leads the nation in rare-earth reserves. Rare earth deposits in Baotou make up 93 percent of the nation's total and 80.3 percent of the world's total.
Baotou city was established in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911 AD) on a Neolithic site. It was named "a land with deer" (Baotou) after the hundreds of these creatures that used to be found here. Baotou has become well known since the New year's Day of 1923, when the Ping-Sui Railway was extended west to Baotou. On July 3, 1927, geologist Ding Daoheng discovered the Baiyunebo Mine and predicted that Baotou would be an iron-and-steel base in China. Before the peaceful liberation on september 19,1949 ,Baotou was a small trading town ,with a population of less than 100,000 people, very few modern industries and crude municipal facilities.
This city is mainly just a transit point for those not here on business, and it is mainly visited by orthodox followers of either Gelukpa Buddhism or the cult of Genghis Khan. The Buddhist lamasery, Wudangzhao, is a very popular sight set in hills covered by willow trees. The Mausoleum of Genghis Khan, that possibly holds the tyrannous warlord's ashes, is also not far.
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