Heilongjiang is one of principal areas of land reclamation and cultivation in China. Its main crops include wheat, soybeans, beet, flax and sunflower which all occupy a significant position in China. It is abundant in forest and land resources and its soil is fertile. Among minerals, coal, petroleum, gold, and graphite all hold key positions in China. Heilongjiang is also China's most important base of forestry, ranking No.1 in both timber reserve and production. The Greater and Lesser Hinggan Mountains are its major forest area.

The main industries comprise machine building, coal, petroleum and timber processing, in addition to papermaking, beet-sugar refinery, petrochemicals, flax-textiles, power-generating equipment, industrial boilers, etc. Harbin, Qiqihaer, Jiamusi and Mudanjiang are its major industrial centers. Daqing is one of China's most important bases of petroleum industry.

Heilongjiang has a cold-temperate continental climate and a mean annual temperature of 3℃ to -2 ℃ -- the lowest temperature can reach -52.3 ℃, and a mean annual precipitation of 300-700 mm. It has warm, rainy summers with long hours of sunshine, and freezingly cold and long winters.

Heilongjiang Province is blessed with a variety of unique tourist attractions, including the Wudalian Pond, an internationally known natural volcanic park; the Jingbo Lake, China's largest alpine dammed lake; the vast Xingkai Lake stretching over China and Russia; the Manchurian Crane Sanctuary, well known inside and outside of China; a beautiful, scenic forest under a volcanic crater; and the Polar Village, where the mysterious aurora borealis can be observed. Harbin's annual Snow Festival adds charm to the beautiful northern landscape with the perfect harmony of its natural ice and snow scenery and the exquisite man-made ice sculptures.